Precautions on the Range
Simple precautions can be taken both on and off the range to reduce lead exposure to shooters and their families. Good hygiene and limiting exposure times go a long way towards preventing problems.
No Smoking, Eating or Drinking
You should never smoke during or immediately after shooting. Lead on your hands is transferred to the cigarette where it is drawn in with the smoke. The best practice is to leave everything that is not going to be used for shooting outside the range so it can’t be contaminated with any lead that may be present and that includes your ‘smokes’.
Lead dust on hands and face can be ingested through contact with food or by touching the face. Airborne lead can settle on food and drinks kept on the range or that you consume before washing up. Sealed water bottles may keep lead out of the water, but any lead on your hands and face and on the outside of the container can easily transfer to the mouth if it isn’t cleaned off first. Controlling this hazard is as simple as leaving all food and drinks off the range and washing hands and face before eating and drinking.
Lead on Fired Brass
Many shooters collect spent brass for reuse. The same brass that just came out of their firearm with lead deposited on it. It’s easy to put the brass in pockets or range bags or even caps. This further contaminates the clothing we’re wearing with lead. Using boxes or bags for the brass can help prevent this.
Lead on Face, Arms, and Hands
Hand Sanitizers:
Good for Germs, Useless for Lead
Alcohol-based hand sanitizers, like Purell or Dial Anti-Microbial, do absolutely nothing to remove lead from the hands. All they do is kill germs. Lead (and most other particulate matter) is most easily removed with running water and some soap; in a pinch, a wet cloth will do the trick.
Shooters should wash hands, forearms and face thoroughly with cool water and plenty of soap. Use cold or room temperature water because warm water opens the pores of the skin helping lead to enter the skin. If no water is available, shooters should consider using wet hand wipes or a bottle of cool water and a washcloth to clean the hands and face. This prevents the transfer of lead to the food or beverages we drink preventing its ingestion.
Lead on Clothing
Shooters should consider wearing clothes they could change out of before driving home. Something as simple as a long sleeve shirt helps a lot. Do NOT blow, shake or use any means that will disperse lead into the air to try to remove lead from your clothing. To prevent cross-contamination, range clothes should be washed separately from the family’s regular laundry and an empty load run after the range clothes are washed. Families with infants should be careful to keep contamination away from where children crawl or pull up or that they may get into their mouths, since infants are particularly vulnerable to lead contamination by ingestion. Changing to clean clothing before leaving the range prevents contamination of the hands and any contamination of vehicles.
Just like a ‘range shirt’ that can be taken off and laundered can help keep lead from following you into the house a pair of range shoes that you change after shooting can help prevent you from tracking lead into the vehicle and home. If you can’t use a separate pair of range shoes remember to take your shoes off before coming into the house. Simple wiping of the shoes with a disposable cleaning wipe will help remove much of the lead. Remember, if you bring lead home ordinary vacuuming blows it into the air for everyone to become exposed.
Shower, Shampoo, and Change of Clothes
Lead can be transferred to others by contact. This is a much greater problem for professional shooters than casual shooters who spend long hours on the range but everyone should be aware of the potential. Try to avoid physical contact that could transfer lead dust to friends and family until after cleaning up and changing clothes.
Indoor Ranges
Most indoor ranges have a greater potential for lead exposure problems than outdoor ranges. However, the range can institute several controls to lower the amount of lead dust in these facilities.
The choice of ammunition is one such control. Non-jacketed ammunition produces the most lead dust and fumes, fully jacketed ammunition less and lead-free ammunition, obviously, the least. Shotgun shells produce more airborne lead dust than any handgun round. Currently, many ammunition manufacturers make available lead-free ammunition that does away with lead compounds in both the primer and the bullet. From a personal standpoint using lead-free primer ammunition with fully jacketed bullets or lead-free bullets will have the greatest benefit for individual shooters.
Indoor ranges should not be carpeted, since lead dust settles and contaminates the rugs. A commercial High Efficiency Particulate (HEPA) vacuum should be used to vacuum these carpets.
Air should move from behind the shooters downrange taking as much of the lead from the firing of the firearms away from the shooter. The air in the range should not be reused or, if reused, it should be filtered so the air that blows across the shooter is cleaned of lead. Remember, if there’s a constant cloud of ‘gunsmoke’ and you can taste the sweetish metallic taste of lead in the air it’s probably not clean enough for a long shooting session.