The Caspian tiger was a Panthera tigris tigris population native to eastern Turkey, northern Iran, Mesopotamia, the Caucasus around the Caspian Sea, Central Asia to northern Afghanistan, and the Xinjiang region in western China.[2] Until the Middle Ages,
it was also present in Ukraine and southern Russia.[3] It inhabited sparse forests and riverine corridors
in this region until the 1970s.[1] This population was regarded as a distinct subspecies and assessed as extinct in 2003.[4]
Results of a phylogeographic analysis evinces that the Caspian and Siberian tiger populations shared a common continuous geographic distribution until the early 19th century.[5]
Some Caspian tigers were intermediate in size between Siberian and Bengal tigers.[3][6][7]
It was also called Balkhash tiger, Hyrcanian tiger, Turanian tiger,[4] and Mazandaran tiger (Persian: ببرِ مازندران).[8]