Slide,
The Acid as normally purchased for cleaning Concrete is about 30% strength (Hydrochloric Acid , also known as Spirits of Salt, and also called Muriatic Acid).
For acid washing cast, the acid needs to be diluted into water first, at 2 parts water and 1 part acid. Use only plastic containers to make dilutions and soaking
When doing this, have some Bicarb Soda nearby, dissolved in water, ( about 1 pound to a gallon of water), and this can be used to immediately neutralise any acid splashes that may get onto your skin or clothes. Make sure you have a hose that is on, so you can wash down any spills.
Is surface of acid washed cast look like porous surface?
With your soaked Cast, it is obvious that the alloy was fairly contaminated with other metals for it to react the way it did. You can re-use that acid, but suggest you dilute it first with water.
With acid soaked cast, make sure you wash with running water to remove traces of acid. Dry well, even if warming is needed. Then coat them as normal.