I recently won an eBay auction for a used set of .251 to .500 gauge pins made by SPI. These are minus pins made .0002 (called 2 tenths because it is 2 tenths of a thousandth) undersize. Thus they will fit in a hole exactly on size.
I bought them because I have checked the neck diameter of more than 100 FL dies and seater dies using small hole gauges and a mike. I have more than 4 decades using a mike and the small hole gauges so I got good numbers. It can be a little tedious trying to get a consistent measurement repeatedly on the same bore. Using the pins takes about 20 to 30 seconds to find the best fitting pin. I record this data for later case forming and sizing operations.
The pins are useful for checking lubrisizer dies. If you lap a lubrisizer die oversize you can check it for size quickly. If the die ejector pin leaks you can buy a new pin for about $3.50 and cut it off to replace the pin in the die.
Then there are the bore (land) diameters in barrels. For example I just checked the muzzle of a 1940 VZ 24 at .311, and 1897 Dutch 6.5X53 navy rifle at .259 and a new Dutch carbine barrel at .255. A Lee Enfield was .303 (surprise surprise). Obviously the 2 Dutch barrels will probably produce different pressures with the same loads. That is if the grooves are the same depths - the groove diameters will be very different. I checked a Carcano 38 carbine with a like mint bore at .255 and a some what used 1941 rifle at .256. I have not shot these rifles with .264 bullets but with .009 and .008 worth of engraving there is chance both will work.
I do know the 1941 develops high pressures with the Hornady .267 Carcano bullets.
You can also use the pins to check the throat diameters in revolver cylinders. You can also use them to measure the base diameter of a gas check or plain base bullet mold. If the bullet is a bevel base you are out of luck though.