Originally Posted by
https://www.bevfitchett.us/chemical-analysis-of-firearms/priming-compositions.html
Generally speaking small arms primers consist of an explosive, an oxidizer, a fuel, and a frictionator. Other compounds act as sensitizers and binders.
Explosives used include azides, fulminates, diazo compounds, nitro or nitroso compounds, for example, lead or silver azide, mercury fulminate, lead styphnate, TNT, and PETN (which also act as sensitizers).
Oxidizers used include barium nitrate, potassium chlorate, lead dioxide, and lead nitrate.
Fuels used include antimony sulfide (which also acts as a frictionator), gum arabic (which also acts as a binding agent), calcium silicide (which also acts as a frictionator), nitrocellulose, carbon black, lead thiocya-nate, and powdered metals such as aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, or their alloys.
Frictionators used include ground glass and aluminum powder (which also acts as a fuel).
Sensitizers used include tetracene, TNT, and PETN.
Binders used include gum arabic, gum tragacanth, glue, dextrin, sodium alginate, rubber cement, and karaya gum.