WW2 laundering practice did not use modern detergents, but only soap, similar to shaved Fels Naptha, Calgon or Ivory flakes and hot water, aided by scrub brush and plain scouring powder similar to BonAmi, being feldspar-based, not pumice. Mildew, flame retardant and insect resistant treatment would be renewed after laundering.
Treatment for so-called Army Duck was a commercial product which rendered the fabric waterproof, flame retardant, insect and mildew resistant. Not sure what was in it, but you can buy it in farm and building supply stores and there should be either a Mil-Spec or NFPA standard to identify it. I got mine at Tractor Supply.