I'm a number guy . I lived in a state that had a minimum energy required for big game .
I recently worked a 45-70 250 gr load over 2000 fps . I didn't enjoy shooting that load .
A 500 gr bullet best described as an ogival SWC at 500 gr and 1050 fps takes 25% of a powder costing 2/3 as much and will carry the 1000# an additional 100 yd while not killing the shooter too . It makes my 45-70 cost about $8/100 to shoot .
30 cal takes a .310 BC 1900 fps MV to carry the 1000# to 100 yd . The assorted 230s will get down to 1300 or so .
Honestly I get a kick out of shooting 223 , 62 gr subs over 2.5 gr of powder and hearing the clickpop cling on steel is a hoot .
It's about shooting low report , low recoil , reduced consumption loads that may be suited to taking game . Sure suppressors are part of it . In Europe many areas require suppressors to hunt .
I saw video maybe 2 years ago of some hog hunters in Tx with deciblometers shooting full tilt 120 gr 6.8 SPC and 308 . Unmuzzled they were 165 DB or close , suppressed the muzzle report was just 109-111 db as a final test a meter was set up next to a cadaver donor hog . Bullet impact was 115 db .
I don't remember now what the db scale calibrates to but I do remember that average human hearing starts at around 40-45 db and damage can happen around 96 db continuous and 110 shock . I also know that the XR650R I rode for a while was pretty quiet at the USFS spark arrester muffler rating of 85 db was pretty quiet actually . Wearing a full face helmet the wind around 50 mph cancelled out the exhaust . If it weren't for the fact that I didn't want Uncle to have a name and address to fast track a pick up and it wasn't $200 for the $300 unit I'd probably have a couple myself . Fact is if they were not NFA items they'd be about $100-150 and a whole lot of us would have them .