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Thread: Making Star dies--My Methods

  1. #1
    Boolit Master
    lathesmith's Avatar
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    Making Star dies--My Methods

    I decided to start a new thread, because 1)We have several threads on this subject going now, 2)I didn't want to hijack another thread, and 3) Some of you have generously donated to the site here as "payment" for dies I have made that fit your machine, and I didn't want there to be any doubt about what you got or will get should you decide to get more of these from me.

    First of all, I use O-1 tool steel for these dies exclusively. I won't use 1018, 1040, cold-rolled, hot-rolled, or any other "junk" or mild steel that I could probably come up with for free. When you order a die from me, you know exactly what you're getting: O-1 tool steel. Why? Because this is the time-tested medium. My goal is to provide you with a factory or near-factory quality die, and I can't do this unless I use the right stuff. Also, a die made from O-1 is easily hardened. The advantage of hardening is that the die is more wear- and ding-resistant. The disadvantage is that it is not as easily modifiable. So, you have your choice; you can harden if you like, or leave annealed. More on this later.
    Next, thanks to those of you who have ordered these dies from me, together we have been able to raise a nice chunk of money for the site here. It's great when we can work together and help each other in this way, and I thank you for your support! Also, together we have gotten to use and verify a "new" design, the C-clip or "Buckshot" design. I have now made these dies both with the shoulder and the clip, and the clip design is faster and easier to make. It also works just as well in these hand-operated machines. So you now have a less expensive alternative. That was one of the goals of this entire project, to establish the viability of this design on a larger scale, and I believe we have accomplished this.
    Now, about that shoulder. There are obviously many guys who absolutely must have this shoulder, no matter what. Okay, I'm not going to argue the point. Not wanting to shirk a challenge, I decided to make a run of these dies out of 7/8 stock with the shoulder. Yes, it does take longer to make, so yes, they do cost more--$30 vs $22 for the Buckshot design. This is due to having to fit and polish two precision surfaces instead of one--inside AND outside. Yes, that outside dimension AND finish IS critical. That high polish on the factory die isn't just eyewash--it keeps wear in the bore of your alloy sizer press to an absolute minimum. That is why the outside dimension is also critical--you want a slight press fit into the bore, to minimize movement. More than .0005 undersize, and you could have "slop" that will accelerate wear in the bore; add in a less-than-smooth surface to this, and wear will accelerate rapidly.
    In sum, my goal is to make a die that is as near-factory quality as I can make it. I can only do this with the right material, and finish work IS required. Unfortunately, this is also what takes the most time. And, I haven't even talked about the time it takes to duplicate factory quality of the bore! Any old rube with a lathe can hack out a useable die in 15 or 20 minutes for these machines, and I include myself in this category. It's the finish work that will set a factory-quality die apart from a rough blank, and this is also why the factory dies may not be as over-priced as you think.
    I don't want this post to stretch out too long, so I'll stop here for now. I am always happy to detail how I make these dies, and I can do so here if there is enough interest. Most of my methods can be found right here on the sight, they are a combination of several guys' hints and techniques. I couldn't do it without you! Thanks again for your support!

    lathesmith
    Attached Thumbnails Attached Thumbnails lathe stuff 054 (Small).jpg  

  2. #2
    Boolit Master
    HeavyMetal's Avatar
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    I've been using 4 of these dies and they rock!

    Thanks again Lathesmith for those 38 dies they will do they trick this weekend I'm going to cast Sat. and try them Sunday!

  3. #3
    Boolit Mold
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    PM sent.
    Thanks

  4. #4
    Boolit Master
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    Oh yes, I wanted to mention a few things about heat-treating, for those of you who want to heat-treat these dies. In my experience, a Mapp gas torch will get the die hot enough in about 3-4 minutes. I then quench this in a coffee-can of used motor oil, about 2/3 full. You need to get the die a nice orange color, and they do harden up nicely this way. As always, YMMV...
    Also, the steel will "grow" around .0005-.001. What this means is, you may have to polish the outside a bit, depending on how it fit your press before. And, the bore will now be one size bigger--in other words, a .358 becomes a .359, or a .431 becomes a .432, for example. You need to keep this in mind, if you plan on heat-treating, order .001 smaller than you want and when you treat it the bore will "grow" the final .001.
    Heat treating is NOT necessary for these dies. I have been heat treating some lately, just to get a feel for how to do it. Also, I have been drilling 2-3 rows of holes, and with a heat-treated die you don't have to be as careful when plugging the holes with shot. If you do not heat-treat and you want to plug a row of holes with shot, this will work fine. Just be very careful, and do NOT use a power drill to drill out the shot. On an untreated die it is VERY easy to drill into the steel! Just use a propane torch to melt the shot, you will be glad you did!
    lathesmith
    Attached Thumbnails Attached Thumbnails Star dies (Small).jpg  

  5. #5
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    ..............Sure looks like nice work you're doing lathesmith! I'm curious about using used motor oil for the coolant whne heat treating. Doesn't it make the die pretty grungy with a tough black layer on it?

    ................Buckshot
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  6. #6
    Boolit Master
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    Nice lookin dies Lathesmith, I am curious about how you do the number and lettering?
    Paul G.
    Once I was young, now I am old and in between went by way to fast.

    The end move in politics is always to pick up a gun.
    -- R. Buckminster Fuller

  7. #7
    Boolit Master
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    Buckshot, you are right, motor oil isn't the best quenching medium. If you look closely at the above photo, you can detect what is left of the oil residue after quickly polishing off most of the rest of it. But dang it, it's free, and seems to work good enough for my purposes. If I wasn't so darn cheap I'd probably try some synthetic motor oil; this stuff has a much higher boiling point, and should bring the temp of the heated piece down faster, which of course would work better. Yea, quenching in motor oil does leave some black residue, but it is quickly and easily polished off. It don't seem to etch the metal, and after heat-treating, the dies survive my "drop from waist height to concrete floor without dinging" test, so I'm happy with it. I'm pretty easy to please, I guess.
    dragonrider, I made a special stamping jig for those letters and numbers, to get them nice and pretty each and every time. I admit, I am kinda proud of that, it does lend a nice, finished, "factory" look. I use one of those six-dollar stamping kits from HF with my jig, so it isn't anything expensive. I'll post a pic of it in a few days, to give you an idea of what it looks like.
    I wish there was a way of posting a pic of the interior of these dies, that's where the good stuff is REALLY at! If you will notice, when you hold a factory die up to the light, it is smooth and bright, no grooves, with a nice starting taper. When you can duplicate this, in a reasonable amount of time, THEN you're really getting somewhere.
    lathesmith

  8. #8
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    well the O-1 is a oil quench metal, if you switched to a A-2 or S-7 heat it till glowing red then air blast fan cool it. it'll quench from the fan at a RC 62-64, then give it a 2/3 hour temper in your oven at 400 and it should be a RC 60 min.

    on the oil quench itd be cheaper to use 4140 or 4340 or sumptin cheaper yet with same results use 1144. heat till 1550 degrees then oil quench no agitation leave in the oil for 5 mins. give them a light temper say 450/550 and itd be hard as heck also but wont break. if i had a handfull of these things i may beable to heat treat them for you. justy need to know the material for sure and what spec you want.

    send me a sample slug or a messed up one and i can treat it and see what hardness it comes out at if your interested. -chris

    edit**
    o on the black oily residue from the oil quench its cause its to thick, and its in the air before it hits the oil. we use a 11 second quench oil real thin and slimey. our lil tool furnace makes the parts come out black cause you have to manually pull the loads and get over quench tank. the furnaces that have the endothermic gases the load stays in the oven then hits the oil, no oxygen in there so they dont turn black. but the parts should be still hard, so just give a real light vapor blast and itll come off. -chris
    Last edited by colbyjack; 07-05-2008 at 11:32 AM. Reason: ..

  9. #9
    Boolit Buddy hotwheelz's Avatar
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    Im no expert but I have been doing some reading on blacksmithing and most of the info I have read says to use ATF fluid. Note this is for knives not sizing dies if one of you guys is playing around maybe try it just an idea..
    Ill be as nice as you let me and as mean as you make me, your Choice

  10. #10
    Boolit Master R.M.'s Avatar
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    I've been using one of Lathesmith's dies, and let me tell you, it's as good as any other.
    I was thinking the other day as I was pumping my .38 wad-cutters out that when I change over to .45, all I need to do is pop off the cir-clip and push the die on through. No need for a die removal tool.
    O-1, or drill rod as I'm used to calling it, comes as a finished size, which works out quite well for this application. I have seen A-2 come in finished size, but I think Lathesmith is on the right track. Keep up the good work. I wouldn't change a thing.
    R.M.

    The tree of liberty must be watered periodically with the blood of tyrants and patriots alike..........Thomas Jefferson

  11. #11
    Boolit Master
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    A-2 is a lot more expensive than 0-1. 1144 or 4140 ht might be options to think about.

  12. #12
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    i think the s-7/A2 would come out the nicest as not having a residue from a oil quench. itd be easier to heat treat, get it hot glowing orange and then blow it down with a fan or air compressor. give it a light temper in a lil counter top oven, and youd be good to go. itd come out alot harder than the O-1 and would be clean. fastneal and mc master carr may have some descent buys.

    i hear ya with not wanting to run the price up. but if the 01 works and your sure your getting it hard just temper it then blast it in a harbor freight blast cabinet. call it good.... -chris

  13. #13
    Boolit Master
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    Quote Originally Posted by R.M. View Post
    I've been using one of Lathesmith's dies, and let me tell you, it's as good as any other.
    I was thinking the other day as I was pumping my .38 wad-cutters out that when I change over to .45, all I need to do is pop off the cir-clip and push the die on through. No need for a die removal tool.
    O-1, or drill rod as I'm used to calling it, comes as a finished size, which works out quite well for this application. I have seen A-2 come in finished size, but I think Lathesmith is on the right track. Keep up the good work. I wouldn't change a thing.
    RM...see #2 post 19 by lathesmith regarding removing c-clip and pushing your dies thru the Star sizer...
    http://castboolits.gunloads.com/showthread.php?t=31366





  14. #14
    Boolit Mold
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    They do look good, and if exact sizes are the norm I'll buy some.How do I order, and how do I pay?.....................jim smith

  15. #15
    Boolit Master
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    jim, a simple PM to me will get you the info you need.

    dragonrider, below is a pic of my stamping jig:
    Attached Thumbnails Attached Thumbnails Star dies 001 (Small).jpg  

  16. #16
    Boolit Grand Master

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    Another very satisfied customer here. Lathesmith is doing a bang up job
    on these and the price is right.

    One question - how much are we talking about for the raw material in O-1?

    I'm thinking that sticking with a quality tool steel alloy would be a good idea,
    and that the price is probably about $2-3 per unit for materials, so how much
    could you save with some cheaper steel?

    Bill
    If it was easy, anybody could do it.

  17. #17
    Boolit Master Morgan Astorbilt's Avatar
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    Lathesmith, Are you reaming the bores, or using a tool post grinder? Also, any problem with decarburizing when heating with a Mapp torch? I use a furnace, and wrap the metal in stainless heat treating foil to protect it. A casting furnace with a thermometer is a good way to accurately temper. Just hold the piece under the lead hanging on a stiff wire.
    Morgan

  18. #18
    Boolit Master
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    Very Clever Lathesmith,
    Paul G.
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  19. #19
    Boolit Master
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    Morgan, I am using a small Proxxon grinder to finish the bores, mounted on my QCTP as you can see in the following photo. You get a large amount of credit for this; I had the idea floating in my head, but when I saw you repeatedly recommend a tool post grinder for bore finishing, I knew I had to try this. It works great! It is the best way I have found to get a mirror-smooth and very accurate bore, all in what I consider a reasonable time frame. I finish these before I heat-treat, allowing for the bore to "grow" in the process about .0005-.0008. I'm not getting any noticeable scaling or other surface problems; I only need to heat with the torch using a tin-can "forge" for about 3-4 minutes, and it is ready for quenching. I started using Dextron ATF, as per hotwheelz suggestion above, and I do like the results better. I don't know how hard these are getting, but they pass my "file skate" test, which is good enough for me. Thanks again to everyone for all the suggestions and ideas, this is a fun project!
    lathesmith
    Attached Thumbnails Attached Thumbnails Star dies 004 (Small).jpg   Star dies 005 (Small).jpg  

  20. #20
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    i heat treated the normal one today, its mild steel. it didnt respond to the quench and temper. i heated it to 1550* for 2.5 hours and oil quenched with 11 sec quench oil. it had a as quenched hardness of a rockwell 3.

    i havent done the O1 or the W1 yet. when i get a cycle this week that it can run with ill toss it in.

    the mild steel one i could give a light case harden. like .003" to .005" just like a volquartsen gun bolt. then itd be file hard like a 15n 89 or so/ basically a rc 50 min on the case harden.....

    ill keep you posted on the others as i get time this week. -chris

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