bmortell
06-14-2019, 06:56 PM
Last year around the begining of growing season i tried a completely different method or our garden, so now thats its been little over a year i thought i could do a review. I did a post on it before just discussing the idea but i can do more of a review now with pictures.
So im in PA we had a normal garden 20somethin by 30somethin feet, and we rototilled, fertilized, added some sand or mushroom compost, and got a blanket of weeds as fast as your could get rid of em. So last year i watched a podcast with a mushroom expert and got the idea of having my garden be a mushroom bed and garden at the same time.
Basically i had the garden as bare dirt, covered it all in a layer of leaves and material from the forest floor, on top of that a layer of a few inches of straw, minus 3 strips across the garden. in those 3 strips i soaked 3 bales of straw in 55 gallon barrels for 3 days. Each soaked bale gets layered in one of the strips with 5.5lb of wine cap mushroom spawn, 5.5lb blocks of winecap spawn are 24$ on field and forest products, so it was about 90$ shipped. Then the final layer is a few inches of small wood chips, most people could get free chips from various sources, in my town i can get 1/4 to 1/2" mixed hardwood chips free. So total cost was around 140$ for mushroom and straw. Mushrooms can spread themselves from those strips and through the wood.
So why might one want to do this? The idea is that you have an actively composting layer on top of your garden and the mushrooms speed that process and are choice edibles themselves increasing food supply per area. So the mushroom roots turn the layers into compost which runs down to the plant roots fertilizing them, then plants grow taller which provides shade for the mushrooms. Then the plant dies of old age and the woodier material can be left on top as more mushroom food, which they will turn back into plant food, and you can see the cycle of life. The softer greener material waste can be composted seperately and used for planting next years seeds back in.
As for benefits,
theres no need to rototill, you actually cant anymore cause mixing wood in dirt would mess up soil nitrogen.
Close to zero weeds grow, other than the edge where some stuff will grow its way in. But if your straw has some grass seed in it youll have to pick grass at first but it does stop after you pull it, this year almost none grew, others might have access to cleaner straw to begin with, my local straw isnt very good.
The mushrooms do most of the fertilizing for you, i still used a bit because the wood breakdown isnt immediate but will pay off long term. Also worms really like the mushroom roots so you get more fertility that way aswell.
The mulch layer keeps the soil layer from drying, but the top is usually dry which is much nicer to walk on and no dirt stuck to your shoes.
Hardly any maintenance, just add a bit more wood chips yearly as the top shows breakdown, and let the fungus run the place for you, just as they do everyplace else.
Cons,
The initial cost and a day of labor to setup,
Payoff isnt immediate like adding fertilizer or compost would be,
Planting takes longer since the dirt is hidden and you cant really plant in wood, i make a hole or trench down into the dirt layer and add seed or seedlings with some potting soil or compost, then sprinkle some of the top layer back over. Slower than normal planting but thats the only work required so its much less work overall.
Ill put some pictures now so you dont fall asleep yet :)
243614
Heres some lettuce and kale, mushrooms are sun baked as is most of the bed right now, but that has no effect on soil building cause the roots do all the work. Better edible mushrooms could be picked on cloudy days, under plants (once you have tall plants) or befeore the sun cooks them for days. They gradually fade from maroon to light tan then crack with more sun so you can tell.
The kale and to the right couple rows i planted first and lazily just pushed material away to the soil, set seed on the soil and pushed some wet straw and some chips on top and germination rates were poor, which is why i reccomended some soil or compost with the seeds to help roots start then there strong enough to go from there, which is what i did from the lettuce down which is working way better. But i did note on the lazy side the plants that are there are all right on top of mushrooms as you can see with that kale, idk if thats coincidence or mushrooms actually help that fast but anyway next photo
243615
Heres some peas on the edge with fresher mushrooms. This particular batch of seeds only half germinated, other kinds of peas had good success but didnt have mushrooms for a photo. Also something is chewing on them erghh!
243619
This is the opposite side from the lettuce and such, here im doin mostly corn with some bush beans to help with nitrogen for the corn. We had way too much rain right at the begining of corn date and 2/3rds rotted seeds, which i guess was a major problem for lots of people and farmers. I re-planted the ones that didnt pop up but im doin staggered planting in 6 day intervals so there wasnt much to lose or get in a photo yet anyway. But the chips more show their 13 month age here with varied colors, its due for another layer but i wanna wait till everything is popped up so i dont burry anything.
243620
This is the side without peas i have vine type plants by the fence like this zucchini. They were indoor started and planted in a handfull of potting soil. They also went in right before the crazy rain and some were stunted from it but are picking back up now. You see the leaf on the right edge, thats what the one center photo looked like a few days ago so i guess its getting happy with the weather now.
Im working on making my own compost i have a few yards of material about a month in. So ill be able to use that to plant in instead of potting soil, and being the chips are free my gardening cost should pretty much be only the seeds i cant save. So im pretty happy.
A bit more on the mushroom species itself, it survives winter well and can produce up to 90f not sure how high till it dies, but that should work in most of the country. Its water requirements arent that high especially when freshly planted it can drown if it rains the next several days, after thats its quite hardy. I noticed in little patches it has off and on cycles, but in my big garden theres new mushrooms everyday then somedays like 5 pounds or more pop up if cycle and weather line up. Some experts say this species is good at killing e-coli not sure how but apparently thats a thing. And winecap seems to be particularly suited for gardening like this i couldnt find another that would work well. And note if you plant some learn to identify there couple features cause other types can float in and grow too, but it is labeled as 'beginner' mushroom.
Alright im tired of typing so thanks for reading, leave questions or comments :)
So im in PA we had a normal garden 20somethin by 30somethin feet, and we rototilled, fertilized, added some sand or mushroom compost, and got a blanket of weeds as fast as your could get rid of em. So last year i watched a podcast with a mushroom expert and got the idea of having my garden be a mushroom bed and garden at the same time.
Basically i had the garden as bare dirt, covered it all in a layer of leaves and material from the forest floor, on top of that a layer of a few inches of straw, minus 3 strips across the garden. in those 3 strips i soaked 3 bales of straw in 55 gallon barrels for 3 days. Each soaked bale gets layered in one of the strips with 5.5lb of wine cap mushroom spawn, 5.5lb blocks of winecap spawn are 24$ on field and forest products, so it was about 90$ shipped. Then the final layer is a few inches of small wood chips, most people could get free chips from various sources, in my town i can get 1/4 to 1/2" mixed hardwood chips free. So total cost was around 140$ for mushroom and straw. Mushrooms can spread themselves from those strips and through the wood.
So why might one want to do this? The idea is that you have an actively composting layer on top of your garden and the mushrooms speed that process and are choice edibles themselves increasing food supply per area. So the mushroom roots turn the layers into compost which runs down to the plant roots fertilizing them, then plants grow taller which provides shade for the mushrooms. Then the plant dies of old age and the woodier material can be left on top as more mushroom food, which they will turn back into plant food, and you can see the cycle of life. The softer greener material waste can be composted seperately and used for planting next years seeds back in.
As for benefits,
theres no need to rototill, you actually cant anymore cause mixing wood in dirt would mess up soil nitrogen.
Close to zero weeds grow, other than the edge where some stuff will grow its way in. But if your straw has some grass seed in it youll have to pick grass at first but it does stop after you pull it, this year almost none grew, others might have access to cleaner straw to begin with, my local straw isnt very good.
The mushrooms do most of the fertilizing for you, i still used a bit because the wood breakdown isnt immediate but will pay off long term. Also worms really like the mushroom roots so you get more fertility that way aswell.
The mulch layer keeps the soil layer from drying, but the top is usually dry which is much nicer to walk on and no dirt stuck to your shoes.
Hardly any maintenance, just add a bit more wood chips yearly as the top shows breakdown, and let the fungus run the place for you, just as they do everyplace else.
Cons,
The initial cost and a day of labor to setup,
Payoff isnt immediate like adding fertilizer or compost would be,
Planting takes longer since the dirt is hidden and you cant really plant in wood, i make a hole or trench down into the dirt layer and add seed or seedlings with some potting soil or compost, then sprinkle some of the top layer back over. Slower than normal planting but thats the only work required so its much less work overall.
Ill put some pictures now so you dont fall asleep yet :)
243614
Heres some lettuce and kale, mushrooms are sun baked as is most of the bed right now, but that has no effect on soil building cause the roots do all the work. Better edible mushrooms could be picked on cloudy days, under plants (once you have tall plants) or befeore the sun cooks them for days. They gradually fade from maroon to light tan then crack with more sun so you can tell.
The kale and to the right couple rows i planted first and lazily just pushed material away to the soil, set seed on the soil and pushed some wet straw and some chips on top and germination rates were poor, which is why i reccomended some soil or compost with the seeds to help roots start then there strong enough to go from there, which is what i did from the lettuce down which is working way better. But i did note on the lazy side the plants that are there are all right on top of mushrooms as you can see with that kale, idk if thats coincidence or mushrooms actually help that fast but anyway next photo
243615
Heres some peas on the edge with fresher mushrooms. This particular batch of seeds only half germinated, other kinds of peas had good success but didnt have mushrooms for a photo. Also something is chewing on them erghh!
243619
This is the opposite side from the lettuce and such, here im doin mostly corn with some bush beans to help with nitrogen for the corn. We had way too much rain right at the begining of corn date and 2/3rds rotted seeds, which i guess was a major problem for lots of people and farmers. I re-planted the ones that didnt pop up but im doin staggered planting in 6 day intervals so there wasnt much to lose or get in a photo yet anyway. But the chips more show their 13 month age here with varied colors, its due for another layer but i wanna wait till everything is popped up so i dont burry anything.
243620
This is the side without peas i have vine type plants by the fence like this zucchini. They were indoor started and planted in a handfull of potting soil. They also went in right before the crazy rain and some were stunted from it but are picking back up now. You see the leaf on the right edge, thats what the one center photo looked like a few days ago so i guess its getting happy with the weather now.
Im working on making my own compost i have a few yards of material about a month in. So ill be able to use that to plant in instead of potting soil, and being the chips are free my gardening cost should pretty much be only the seeds i cant save. So im pretty happy.
A bit more on the mushroom species itself, it survives winter well and can produce up to 90f not sure how high till it dies, but that should work in most of the country. Its water requirements arent that high especially when freshly planted it can drown if it rains the next several days, after thats its quite hardy. I noticed in little patches it has off and on cycles, but in my big garden theres new mushrooms everyday then somedays like 5 pounds or more pop up if cycle and weather line up. Some experts say this species is good at killing e-coli not sure how but apparently thats a thing. And winecap seems to be particularly suited for gardening like this i couldnt find another that would work well. And note if you plant some learn to identify there couple features cause other types can float in and grow too, but it is labeled as 'beginner' mushroom.
Alright im tired of typing so thanks for reading, leave questions or comments :)